The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, is the world leading university for science and technology. Founded by William Barton Rogers in 1861 in response to the increasing industrialization of the United States, the university adopted the German university model (conceived by Wilhelm von Humboldt on the importance of freedom, seminars, and laboratories). MIT’s educational programs have expanded beyond the physical sciences and engineering into social sciences like economics, philosophy, linguistics, political science, and management.