- Several paintings by Caravaggio including the majestic Entombment
- Leonardo da Vinci’s portrait of Saint Jerome
- Works by painters Fra Angelico, Giotto, Raphael, Nicolas Poussin and Titian
- The red marble papal throne, formerly in the Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano
- Roman sculpture, tombstones, and inscriptions, including the Early Christian Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus and Dogmatic sarcophagus, and the epitaph of Lucius Cornelius Scipio Barbatus
- The Raphael Rooms
- The Niccoline Chapel
- The Sistine Chapel
- The Gallery of Maps: topographical maps of the whole of Italy, painted on the walls by friar Ignazio Danti of Perugia
- The frescoes and other works in the Borgia Apartment built for Pope Alexander VI …

SPQR, the motto of the city of Rome, is an initialism (Latin dictionaries classify it as a formula) from a Latin phrase, Senatus Populusque Romanus (”The Senate and the People of Rome”), referring to the government of the ancient Roman Republic, and used as an official signature of the government. It appears on many of the Rome’s civic buildings, public fountains, and manhole covers.

The Leaning Tower of Pisa (Torre pendente di Pisa) is the free-standing campanile (bell tower) of the cathedral of Pisa, one of many works of art and architecture in the city’s Piazza del Duomo, also known as Piazza dei Miracoli (Square of Miracles), to the north of the old town center. Intended to stand vertically, the tower began leaning soon after the onset of construction in 1173 due to a poorly laid foundation and loose substrate.

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Mount Vesuvius (in Italian Monte Vesuvio and in Latin Mons Vesuvius) is today regarded as one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world because of the population of 3,000,000 people living nearby and its tendency towards explosive (Plinian) eruptions, although it is not currently erupting. Part of the magnitificient scenery of the Bay of Naples, Vesuvius was officially declared a national park. The summit of Vesuvius is open to visitors and there is a small network of paths around the mountain that are maintained by the park authorities on weekends.

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